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[Thoracic outlet syndromes]

F J Molina-Martínez1, M C Calles-Hernández

  • 1Sección de Neurología, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, España.

Revista De Neurologia
|July 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Thoracic outlet syndromes, often diagnosed but rare, involve nerve or vessel compression. Surgical treatment can alleviate symptoms like pain and paresthesia but cannot reverse established muscle weakness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Surgery

Context:

  • Thoracic outlet syndromes (TOS) are frequently diagnosed but have a low true incidence.
  • Compression of brachial plexus or vascular structures results from cervico-axillary anatomical anomalies.
  • TOS encompasses neurogenic and vascular syndromes, with neurogenic types comprising 90% of cases.

Purpose:

  • To outline the diagnostic and treatment principles for thoracic outlet syndromes.
  • To differentiate between neurogenic and vascular TOS presentations.
  • To emphasize the importance of objective diagnosis for surgical indications.

Summary:

  • Neurogenic TOS predominantly affects middle-aged women, presenting with arm pain, paresthesia, and hand amyotrophy.
  • Cervical ribs or elongated C7 transverse processes are common radiographic findings.
  • Surgical intervention is the primary treatment, effective for pain and paresthesia but not established motor deficits.

Impact:

  • Highlights the need for accurate diagnosis to guide appropriate surgical management.
  • Clarifies the limitations of surgical treatment regarding established muscle atrophy.
  • Underscores the role of neurological consultation in diagnosing neurogenic TOS.

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