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Leukocyte integrins and inflammation

C G Gahmberg1, L Valmu, S Fagerholm

  • 1Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland. Carl.Gahmberg@helsinki.fi

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|July 24, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Leukocyte adhesion is crucial for immune cell function, including cytotoxicity and tissue homing. Beta 2 integrins (CD11/CD18) are key molecules regulating these essential processes, particularly in inflammation.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Leukocyte adhesion is vital for immune cell functions such as cytotoxicity, B cell development, tissue homing, phagocytosis, and chemotaxis.
  • Several families of adhesion molecules have evolved to mediate these critical processes.
  • Leukocyte-specific integrins, specifically beta 2 integrins (CD11/CD18), are among the most important adhesion molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pivotal functional importance of leukocyte adhesion.
  • To highlight the critical role of beta 2 integrins in immune cell function.
  • To discuss the regulation of integrin activity in the context of inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on leukocyte adhesion molecules.

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  • Focuses on the structure and function of beta 2 integrins.
  • Examines the regulation of integrin activity during inflammation.

    • Main Results:

    • Adequate leukocyte adhesion is essential for T cell cytotoxicity, B cell differentiation, leukocyte homing to inflamed tissues, and myeloid cell functions.
    • Beta 2 integrins (CD11/CD18) are central to these adhesion-dependent processes.
    • Integrin activity is critically regulated and plays a key role in inflammation.

    Conclusions:

    • Leukocyte adhesion is indispensable for a functional immune system.
    • Beta 2 integrins are key regulators of immune cell interactions and trafficking.
    • Understanding integrin regulation is crucial for comprehending and potentially modulating inflammatory responses.