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Allergic fungal sinusitis
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., USA.
Summary
Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) is the most common cause of fungal sinusitis, often misdiagnosed previously. Current understanding allows for diagnosis and identification of causative fungi, though AFS pathophysiology and treatment remain debated.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Mycology
- Immunology
Background:
- Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) is increasingly recognized as a common condition.
- Historically, AFS has been frequently misdiagnosed.
- Recent advancements have improved diagnostic capabilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of allergic fungal sinusitis.
- To discuss the diagnosis and causative organisms.
- To highlight ongoing controversies in pathophysiology and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of AFS.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria.
- Identification of common fungal culprits.
Main Results:
- AFS is the most frequent cause of fungal sinusitis.
- Diagnostic experience has improved.
- Causative fungal species are now identified.
Conclusions:
- Allergic fungal sinusitis is a well-defined entity.
- Diagnosis and organism identification are established.
- Further research is needed for pathophysiology and treatment.