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Trapezius muscle: anatomic basis for flap design

D Yang¹, S F Morris

¹Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Annals of Plastic Surgery

|July 25, 1998

Summary

This study clarifies the vascular anatomy of the trapezius muscle, identifying two main supply patterns from three key arteries. Understanding this anatomy helps explain, but not prevent, trapezius muscle flap complications.

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Area of Science:

Anatomy
Vascular Surgery
Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

The vascular anatomy of the trapezius muscle is complex and variable.
This variability can lead to unpredictable clinical outcomes in trapezius muscle flap procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of the intra- and extramuscular vascular anatomy of the trapezius muscle.
To elucidate the vascular supply patterns contributing to trapezius muscle flap viability.

Main Methods:

Anatomic dissection of 10 fresh and 10 preserved cadaveric specimens.
Detailed study of intra- and extramuscular vascular networks, including neurovascular relationships.

Main Results:

Identified two primary patterns of vascular supply to the trapezius muscle.

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Confirmed principal vascular supply from the transverse cervical artery, dorsal scapular artery, and posterior intercostal arteries.

Conclusions:

The study clarifies the vascular basis for occasional partial or complete loss of the trapezius muscle flap.
While explaining complications, this research does not offer methods to prevent partial flap loss.