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Related Experiment Videos

Airway hyperreactivity: assessment with helical thin-section CT

J G Goldin1, M F McNitt-Gray, S M Sorenson

  • 1Dept of Radiological Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine 90095-1721, USA.

Radiology
|July 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Helical computed tomography (CT) accurately assesses airway hyperreactivity by showing reversible changes in bronchial size and air trapping in asthma patients. This imaging technique helps evaluate airflow obstruction.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Airway hyperreactivity is a hallmark of asthma, leading to reversible airflow obstruction.
  • Assessing these dynamic changes in bronchial size and air trapping is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of helical computed tomography (CT) in detecting reversible changes in bronchial dimensions and air trapping.
  • To correlate CT findings with spirometry in patients exhibiting airway hyperreactivity.

Main Methods:

  • 15 patients with mild asthma and 6 healthy controls underwent spirometry and helical CT scans.
  • Scans were performed at functional residual capacity and residual volume, before and after methacholine challenge, and after albuterol reversal.
  • Bronchial area and lung attenuation were measured and compared between groups.

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Main Results:

  • Asthma patients showed significant decreases in FEV1, lung attenuation, and small airway dimensions after methacholine.
  • Control subjects exhibited minimal changes in spirometry and lung imaging.
  • Albuterol administration reversed these changes in asthma patients, returning parameters to baseline.

Conclusions:

  • Functional helical CT effectively demonstrates reversible airflow obstruction.
  • CT imaging provides accurate assessment of airway hyperreactivity-induced changes in bronchial size and air trapping.