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Related Experiment Videos

Obstructive sleep apnoea and upper airway reactivity

N Nandwani1, R Caranza, C D Hanning

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, Leicester General Hospital NHS Trust, UK.

Journal of Sleep Research
|July 31, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients showed reduced upper airway reactivity after 3 months of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. This suggests CPAP may alleviate airway inflammation and hypersensitivity in OSA.

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is linked to upper airway inflammation and hypersensitivity.
  • Nocturnal airway obstruction may cause epithelial injury, increasing airway reactivity.
  • The impact of OSA on upper airway reflex sensitivity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure upper airway reactivity in patients with OSA.
  • To assess the effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on upper airway reactivity.
  • To explore the potential mechanisms underlying increased airway reactivity in OSA.

Main Methods:

  • Upper airway reactivity was assessed in 13 OSA patients using transient reflex laryngeal closure.
  • Ammonia vapour inhalation was used to measure airway reactivity.

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  • Measurements were taken before and after 3 months of nasal CPAP treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • Upper airway reactivity significantly decreased after 3 months of nasal CPAP therapy.
    • Post-treatment reactivity levels in OSA patients approached those of normal subjects.
    • These preliminary findings suggest a potential reversal of airway hypersensitivity with CPAP.

    Conclusions:

    • Patients with OSA may exhibit heightened upper airway reactivity, possibly due to inflammation from repeated nocturnal airway obstruction.
    • Nasal CPAP treatment may reduce this increased airway reactivity.
    • Further research with a control group is needed to confirm these provisional findings.