Interactions between spatial and spatiotemporal information in spatiotemporal boundary formation

The surface and boundaries of an object generally move in unison, so the motion of a surface could provide information about the motion of its boundaries. Here we report the results of three experiments on spatiotemporal boundary formation that indicate that information about the motion of a surface does influence the formation of its boundaries. In Experiment 1, shape identification at low texture densities was poorer for moving forms in which stationary texture was visible inside than for forms in which the stationary texture was visible only outside. In Experiment 2, the disruption found in Experiment 1 was removed by adding a second external boundary. We hypothesized that the disruption was caused by boundary assignment that perceptually grouped the moving boundary with the static texture. Experiment 3 revealed that accurate information about the motion of the surface facilitated boundary formation only when the motion was seen as coming from the surface of the moving form. Potential mechanisms for surface motion effects in dynamic boundary formation are discussed.