Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
08:35

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion

Published on: May 26, 2022

Epidemiology of risk in hypertensives: experience in treated patients

M H Alderman1, H Cohen, S Madhavan

  • 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.

American Journal of Hypertension
|July 31, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Even with controlled high blood pressure, cardiovascular events remain a major concern. Congestive heart failure incidence significantly increased over time, highlighting the need for further preventive strategies in hypertension management.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Epidemiology
  • Preventive Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) epidemiology in hypertension often studied untreated populations.
  • Modern hypertension management involves widespread patient treatment.
  • Existing data may not reflect current clinical realities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze long-term cardiovascular outcomes in a treated hypertensive cohort.
  • To identify trends in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • To assess the impact of blood pressure control on disease incidence.

Main Methods:

  • 18-year observational study.
  • 8690 participants in a systematic hypertension control project.
  • Analysis of cardiovascular events including stroke, heart attack, and congestive heart failure (CHF).

Main Results:

  • Cardiovascular events remained the primary cause of morbidity and mortality.
  • Stroke and heart attack incidence remained stable.
  • Congestive heart failure (CHF) incidence as a first event increased tenfold after 10 years.
  • Diabetes and pre-existing vascular disease predicted adverse outcomes.
  • Satisfactory blood pressure control did not eliminate cardiovascular morbidity.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular morbidity persists despite adequate blood pressure control in hypertensive patients.
  • Congestive heart failure (CHF) is an increasing concern in treated hypertension.
  • Additional preventive interventions are necessary beyond blood pressure management.

More Related Videos

The Antihypertensive Effects and Mechanisms of Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction in Rats with H-Type Hypertension05:57

The Antihypertensive Effects and Mechanisms of Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction in Rats with H-Type Hypertension

Published on: May 17, 2024

Improved Home Blood Pressure Control by CT-guided Ozone-mediated Renal Denervation for Patients with Resistant Hypertension04:37

Improved Home Blood Pressure Control by CT-guided Ozone-mediated Renal Denervation for Patients with Resistant Hypertension

Published on: June 6, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications01:28

Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications

Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...
Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

Hypertension V: Nursing Management

The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.