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Hereditary syndactyly in Angus cattle

H W Leipold1, G L Schmidt, D J Steffen

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA.

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc
|July 31, 1998
PubMed
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Syndactyly in Angus cattle, a genetic limb defect, causes fused hooves and walking difficulties. Research suggests recessive inheritance with distinct alleles in Angus and Holstein breeds, impacting limb development severity.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Genetics
  • Animal Science
  • Congenital Malformations

Background:

  • Syndactyly, a congenital limb malformation characterized by fused digits, has been observed in various livestock populations.
  • Previous reports on syndactyly in cattle have noted its impact on mobility and potential genetic basis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathological characteristics, inheritance patterns, and genetic basis of syndactyly in Angus cattle.
  • To differentiate the genetic factors contributing to syndactyly in Angus cattle compared to other breeds like Holstein.

Main Methods:

  • Pathological characterization of 25 syndactylous Angus cattle from 16 herds.
  • Radiographic and dissection analysis of limbs from 19 affected animals.
  • Pedigree analysis and breeding trials to assess inheritance patterns and identify potential alleles.

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Main Results:

  • Syndactyly affected 2-4 limbs in 25 Angus cattle, causing severe mobility issues and hoof deformities.
  • Skeletal analysis revealed consistent fusion patterns in metacarpals, carpals, phalanges, and sesamoids.
  • Genetic data supported recessive inheritance with at least two alleles (syA in Angus, syH in Holstein), with syH showing partial dominance over syA.

Conclusions:

  • Syndactyly in Angus cattle is a heritable condition likely caused by recessive alleles.
  • Distinct alleles in Angus and Holstein cattle influence phenotypic expression, with Angus cattle exhibiting more severe limb involvement.
  • Understanding these genetic factors is crucial for breeding programs aimed at reducing the incidence of syndactyly.