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Do inhibitors of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme protect against risk of cancer?

A F Lever1, D J Hole, C R Gillis

  • 1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Glasgow, Western Infirmary, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|July 31, 1998
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Long-term use of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may reduce cancer risk. This study suggests ACE inhibitors offer protection, unlike other antihypertensives, but further trials are needed.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Previous research indicated calcium-channel blockers may increase cancer risk.
  • Animal studies suggest angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors might protect against cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between ACE inhibitors and cancer risk in hypertensive patients.
  • To compare cancer risk in patients using ACE inhibitors versus other antihypertensive drugs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 5207 hypertensive patients from 1980-1995.
  • Utilized linked records from the Glasgow Blood Pressure Clinic, Registrar General Scotland, and West of Scotland Cancer Registry.

Main Results:

  • Patients on ACE inhibitors showed a reduced relative risk of incident (0.72) and fatal (0.65) cancer.
  • No significant cancer risk alteration was observed with calcium-channel blockers, diuretics, or beta-blockers.
  • The protective effect of ACE inhibitors was more pronounced in women and with follow-up exceeding 3 years.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term use of ACE inhibitors may be associated with a reduced risk of cancer.
  • Findings suggest a potential protective role for ACE inhibitors against cancer, warranting further investigation.
  • Randomized controlled trials are recommended to confirm these hypothesis-generating findings.

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