Incidence of patent Toxocara canis infection in bitches during the oestrous cycle

The incidence of patent Toxocara canis infection as result of reactivation of somatic larvae with subsequent tracheal migration was investigated by faecal examination during 23 oestrous cycles of 15 bitches. Blood samples were collected for determination of total and differential leukocyte counts, prolactin concentration, and Toxocara titre. Five pregnant dogs were used as controls. In the cyclic dogs there were no alterations in white blood cell counts or prolactin concentration, in contrast with the pregnant dogs, in which both variables increased, starting 10 days after onset of the luteal phase. The difference was significant at day 40 and day 60 (both p < 0.005). No significant differences were observed in the number of eosinophils or in the Toxocara antibody titre. T. canis eggs were only found in the faeces of three 1-year-old, cyclic dogs at 1, 60, and 140 days, respectively, after the onset of the luteal phase. It is concluded that cyclic beagle bitches, in which prolactin levels increase in the second half of the luteal phase, are unlikely to be at higher risk for patent T. canis infection than in other phases.