[The rotatory machines in the history of psychiatry]

The history of the rotatory machine shows a distinct transformation during its short-lived use in psychiatric therapy from about 1806 to 1836. Initially a variety of hypotheses were offered to explain its mode of action. Gradually the use of the method became a plain disciplinary measure. The technical features of the machine also changed. The adherents of both psychic and somatic treatment in psychiatry did not object to the method. Obviously, as a result of Conolly's no-restraint the use of the machine fell into disrepute. The scant case histories suggest that the machine was mainly used as a means of intimidation and deterrent. It is worth to be remembered that humane physicians in the middle of the 20th century still used deterring methods such as the aversion treatment of alcoholics.