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[Immunogenicity of the Heberbiovac-HB vaccine in the physically and mentally handicapped]
P Pedroso Flaquet1, M Díaz González, L Rodríguez Lay
1Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí.
Insights
The Heberbiovac-HB vaccine effectively protects disabled children from hepatitis B. Both 5 and 10 microgram doses showed high seroprotection rates, with 100% achieved after the third dose and maintained for a year.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a significant health risk, particularly to vulnerable populations.
- Children with physical and mental disabilities may have unique challenges in vaccine response.
- The recombinant DNA Heberbiovac-HB vaccine is a key tool for HBV prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunogenicity of the recombinant DNA Heberbiovac-HB vaccine in physically and mentally disabled children.
- To compare the efficacy of two different dosage regimens (5 and 10 micrograms) of Heberbiovac-HB.
- To assess seroprotection rates and antibody titers at various time points post-vaccination.
Main Methods:
- Two groups of disabled children received Heberbiovac-HB at 5 or 10 microgram doses.
- Vaccination followed a 0, 1, and 6-month schedule.
- Immunogenicity was assessed by measuring seroprotection and antibody titers at 2, 7, and 12 months post-initial dose.
Main Results:
- Early seroprotection rates were 80.9% (10 mcg) and 65.0% (5 mcg) at day 60, with no significant difference.
- 100% seroprotection was achieved in both groups one month after the third dose and maintained for one year.
- Geometrical mean antibody titers (TMG) exceeded protective levels (10 UI/L) after the second dose and remained high post-third dose.
Conclusions:
- The Heberbiovac-HB vaccine demonstrates high immunogenicity in physically and mentally disabled children.
- Both 5 and 10 microgram doses are effective, with sustained seroprotection.
- The vaccine is recommended for protecting this vulnerable population against hepatitis B.
Abstract:
The recombinant DNA Heberbiovac-HB vaccine against hepatitis B was applied to 2 groups of children at 2 homes for the physically and mental disabled at doses of 10 and 5 micrograms with the scheme 0, 1 and 6 months to study its immunogenicity, which was evaluated at 2, 7 and 12 months after the first dose was administered. On the 60th day it was obtained 80.9% of seroprotection in children who received 10 micrograms, whereas in the group that was vaccinated with 5 micrograms 65.0% of seroprotection was attained and there were no significant differences between the groups. 100% of seroprotection (> or = 10 UI/L) was obtained in the 2 vaccinated groups when the immune response was measured 1 month after the third dose was applied. A year later, seroprotection was 100% for the 2 groups of children. The geometrical mean of the antibody titres (TMG) reached levels above 10 UI/L, which is the minimum protector, in the 2 study groups 30 days after the second dose. A month after the third dose, the TMG attained values of 527.7 UI/L in the group of 10 micrograms and of 324.7 UI/L in that of 5 micrograms. No remarkable differences were found between the groups (p < 0.05). Finally, 365 days later, the TMG descended to 139.7 UI/L and 57.3 UI/L in the same groups, respectively. It was demonstrated the high immunogenic power of this vaccine, which makes it recommendable for protecting the physical and mentally disabled children from hepatitis B virus.