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Chemokines, lymphocytes, and HIV

J M Farber1

  • 1Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892-1888, USA. joshua_farber@nih.gov

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Medicas E Biologicas
|August 1, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Chemokines and their receptors are crucial for lymphocyte function and HIV-1 entry. This study characterizes Mig, Crg-2/IP-10, CCR6, and STRL33, revealing their roles in immune responses and potential therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Virology
  • Cytokine and Chemokine Research

Background:

  • Chemokines are cytokines involved in leukocyte recruitment, with poorly understood roles in lymphocyte biology.
  • Recent discoveries link chemokines and their receptors to HIV-1 suppression and entry, highlighting their importance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of chemokines and their receptors in lymphocyte biology.
  • To characterize specific chemokines (Mig, Crg-2/IP-10) and receptors (STRL22/CCR6, STRL33) involved in immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of Mig and Crg-2/IP-10 chemokines induced by IFN-gamma.
  • Gene expression analysis during experimental infections in mice.
  • Cloning and functional analysis of lymphocyte-expressed chemokine receptors STRL22 and STRL33.

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Main Results:

  • Mig and Crg-2/IP-10 are induced by IFN-gamma and target activated T cells, with distinct in vivo expression patterns suggesting non-redundant roles.
  • STRL22 was identified as CCR6, a receptor for MIP-3 alpha.
  • STRL33 functions as an HIV-1 co-receptor, active with a broad range of viral envelope glycoproteins.

Conclusions:

  • Chemokines and their receptors play significant roles in lymphocyte biology and immune responses.
  • STRL33's broad co-receptor activity offers potential for novel anti-HIV-1 therapies.
  • Further research into chemokines and lymphocyte interactions is vital for understanding AIDS pathogenesis and manipulating immune responses.