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Intergroup bias: status, differentiation, and a common in-group identity
J F Dovidio1, S L Gaertner, A Validzic
1Department of Psychology, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York 13346, USA. jdovidio@mail.colgate.edu
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|August 1, 1998
Summary
Reducing intergroup bias is possible when groups have equally valued, distinct expertise. Inclusive group identity then helps foster positive intergroup contact and understanding.
Area of Science:
- Social Psychology
- Intergroup Relations
Background:
- Intergroup bias is a pervasive social phenomenon.
- Understanding factors that reduce bias is crucial for promoting social harmony.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine moderators and mediators of intergroup bias reduction.
- To test theoretical integration of mutual intergroup differentiation and common in-group identity models.
Main Methods:
- Two 3-person laboratory groups performed tasks separately.
- Groups were manipulated on status (equal/unequal) and task dimensions (same/different) before intergroup contact.
Main Results:
- Intergroup bias was eliminated when groups had differentiated, equally valued expertise (equal status, different dimensions).
- More inclusive group representations mediated the reduction of bias.
Conclusions:
- Theoretical integration of existing models provides a framework for reducing intergroup bias.
- Interventions can be developed to facilitate positive intergroup contact by differentiating expertise and promoting inclusive identities.