Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection in a girl with hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection occurs in few well-defined immunodeficiencies, such as severe combined immunodeficiency, chronic granulomatous disease and paediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This severe complication of immunization against tuberculosis has been lethal in the majority of children who had primary immunodeficiency. Our patient, a 9-y-old girl with hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome developed disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection in infancy. Patients with hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) are susceptible to serious staphylococcal and fungal infections. Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection has not previously been reported in this rare immunodeficiency.