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Molecular evolution of hydantoinases

O May1, A Habenicht, R Mattes

  • 1Institut für Bioverfahrenstechnik, Universität Stuttgart, Germany.

Biological Chemistry
|August 1, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The first amino acid sequence of a non-ATP-dependent hydantoinase was determined. This enzyme, from Arthrobacter aurescens, belongs to a distinct evolutionary branch within the amidohydrolase superfamily.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Molecular Evolution

Background:

  • Hydantoinases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of hydantoin derivatives.
  • Non-ATP-dependent hydantoinases represent a class of enzymes with unique catalytic mechanisms.
  • Understanding the sequence and evolutionary relationships of hydantoinases is crucial for enzyme engineering and biocatalysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the complete amino acid sequence of the non-ATP-dependent hydantoinase from Arthrobacter aurescens DSM 3745.
  • To investigate the evolutionary origins and relationships of this hydantoinase within the broader protein superfamily.
  • To differentiate this hydantoinase from other known hydantoin-cleaving enzymes and related superfamilies.

Main Methods:

  • Automated Edman degradation was employed to derive the complete amino acid sequence.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Homology searches in protein and nucleic acid databases were conducted.
  • Phylogenetic analysis was performed to infer evolutionary relationships.

    • Main Results:

    • The complete amino acid sequence of the Arthrobacter aurescens hydantoinase was elucidated.
    • This hydantoinase is L-selective for 5'-monosubstituted hydantoin derivatives.
    • Homology searches revealed distant relationships to the amidohydrolase superfamily, distinct from ATP-dependent hydantoinases.
    • Phylogenetic analysis placed this enzyme in a separate branch from dihydropyrimidinases and allantoinases, suggesting early evolutionary divergence.

    Conclusions:

    • The Arthrobacter aurescens hydantoinase represents a novel lineage within the amidohydrolase superfamily.
    • The study provides insights into the early evolution of gene families, potentially predating the divergence of the three domains of life.
    • This enzyme is evolutionarily distinct from ATP-dependent hydantoinases and 5-oxoprolinases.