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Related Experiment Videos

Formaldehyde-related textile allergy: an update

A J Scheman1, P A Carroll, K H Brown

  • 1Northwestern University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Contact Dermatitis
|August 1, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Most clothing has formaldehyde levels too low to trigger allergies. Newer textile resins with less formaldehyde are better tolerated by allergic individuals, with DMDHEU being a key allergen.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Textile Science

Background:

  • Formaldehyde in clothing can cause contact allergies.
  • Textile resins are a common cause of allergic reactions to clothing.
  • Assessing formaldehyde levels in fabrics is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if current clothing formaldehyde levels pose an allergy risk.
  • To investigate textile resins as a cause of contact allergy.
  • To evaluate patient reactions to new low-formaldehyde textile resins.

Main Methods:

  • Measured free formaldehyde in 16 fabric specimens using Schiff's reagent and Merck methods.
  • Compared older medical literature methods with newer textile industry methodologies.
  • Patch tested 10 patients with textile allergy to various textile resins, including new low-formaldehyde options.

Main Results:

  • Most fabrics had undetectable or low formaldehyde (<200 ppm).
  • One fabric showed high formaldehyde by Merck test but low by Japanese Law #112 method.
  • All patients reacted to formaldehyde and DMDHEU; some reacted to EUMF and newer resins.

Conclusions:

  • Current clothing formaldehyde levels are unlikely to cause widespread allergy.
  • Japanese Law #112 is recommended for formaldehyde measurement in textiles.
  • DMDHEU is a significant cause of textile allergy; newer resins are better tolerated.

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