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Surveillance for low-level malaria

J Shen1, S Zhang, B Xu

  • 1Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|August 6, 1998
PubMed
Summary

In low malaria endemic areas of China, current surveillance methods examining all fever and common cold cases are inefficient. Discontinuing categories for suspected malaria cases can improve detection efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Malaria has reached low levels in China due to effective control measures.
  • Current surveillance methods examine millions of fever and common cold cases, detecting few malaria cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficiency of passive case detection (PCD) categories in malaria surveillance in Hubei Province, China.
  • To determine the value of different PCD categories in low and moderate malaria endemic areas.

Main Methods:

  • Passive case detection agents categorized patients into four groups: clinical malaria (group 1), suspected malaria (group 2), fever without malaria suspicion (group 3), and common cold (group 4).
  • Slide positivity rates and case detection efficiency were analyzed for low (0.23%) and moderate (4.19%) endemic areas.

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Main Results:

  • In low endemic areas, only a small number of malaria cases were detected in groups 2 and 3 per 10,000 examinations.
  • In moderate endemic areas, all PCD categories, including group 4 (common cold), proved valuable for malaria case detection.

Conclusions:

  • Discontinuing PCD categories for suspected malaria (groups 2 and 3) is recommended in low endemic areas to enhance efficiency.
  • Maintaining all PCD categories is valuable for malaria detection in moderately endemic regions.