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Interleukin-2 affects cochlear function gradually but reversibly

T Kubo1, M Anniko, M Stenqvist

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.

ORL; Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Its Related Specialties
|August 7, 1998
PubMed
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Interleukin-2 (IL-2) instillation in rats caused temporary high-frequency hearing loss and inflammation in the inner ear. This sensorineural hearing loss was reversible within two weeks.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine produced by T cells that mediates inflammatory responses.
  • The inner ear's susceptibility to inflammatory processes and their impact on auditory function requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the electrophysiological effects of IL-2-induced inflammation on the inner ear in a rat model.
  • To assess the impact of IL-2 on auditory brainstem response (ABR) and cochlear function.

Main Methods:

  • IL-2 was instilled into the round window niche of rats.
  • Auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold curves and intensity-latency (I-L) curves were analyzed.
  • Electrophysiological effects and middle ear effusion were monitored over time.

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Main Results:

  • Moderate high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was observed, peaking between days 5-7 post-instillation.
  • Electrophysiological impairment, indicative of SNHL, appeared within 1 day and was reversible within 2 weeks.
  • Variable degrees of middle ear effusion were noted, correlating with mixed hearing loss in some cases.

Conclusions:

  • IL-2-induced inflammation gradually affects cochlear function, leading to reversible SNHL.
  • The study demonstrates the transient ototoxic effects of IL-2 on inner ear auditory pathways.
  • Findings highlight the importance of managing inflammatory mediators in preventing hearing impairment.