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Gastrointestinal pathology in rhesus monkeys with experimental SIV infection
F Kaup1, K Mätz-Rensing, E Kuhn
1Division Veterinary Medicine and Primate Husbandry, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany.
Abstract:
The updated results of current pathomorphological investigations in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are summarized. After experimental infection with several SIVmac251 subtypes and various vaccination trails, 147 rhesus monkeys were morphologically examined until now. The pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in SIV-infected animals resembled those of human cases with HIV and AIDS. Alterations were considered to be primary SIV-induced (SIV enteropathy, giant cell disease) or secondary caused by opportunistic agents. Typical secondary gastrointestinal opportunistic infectious agents were parasites (Cryptosporidium sp., Trichuris sp., Trichomonas sp., Spironucleus sp.), viruses (cytomegalovirus, adenovirus) and bacteria (Mycobacterium simiae). Five animals developed malignant lymphomas involving the intestinal tract. The present observations revealed that SIV infection of rhesus monkeys provide an excellent model for studies on the pathogenesis of HIV in man.
Insights
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in rhesus monkeys causes gastrointestinal pathology similar to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These SIV-infected monkeys serve as a valuable model for studying HIV pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Primatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- This study summarizes pathomorphological investigations in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) following experimental infection with SIVmac251 subtypes.
- Morphological examination of 147 rhesus monkeys was conducted after various vaccination trials.
Discussion:
- Gastrointestinal tract pathology in SIV-infected monkeys mirrors that observed in human HIV/AIDS cases.
- Alterations include primary SIV-induced conditions (SIV enteropathy, giant cell disease) and secondary opportunistic infections.
Key Insights:
- Opportunistic agents identified include parasites (Cryptosporidium, Trichuris, Trichomonas, Spironucleus), viruses (cytomegalovirus, adenovirus), and bacteria (Mycobacterium simiae).
- Five monkeys developed intestinal malignant lymphomas, highlighting a severe complication.
- SIV infection in rhesus monkeys presents a robust model for investigating HIV pathogenesis.
Outlook:
- Further research can leverage this model to explore therapeutic strategies for HIV/AIDS.
- Continued investigation into SIV-induced gastrointestinal pathology may reveal novel insights into host-pathogen interactions.