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Beta-thromboglobulin in urine and plasma: influence of coronary risk factors
H H Mundal1, P Hjemdahl, P Urdal
1Department of Cardiology, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Insights
Urinary high molecular weight beta-thromboglobulin and plasma beta-thromboglobulin are not closely related markers of platelet activation. However, both correlate with diastolic blood pressure and are influenced by smoking and other factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Hematology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Platelet activation is crucial in cardiovascular health.
- Understanding markers of in vivo platelet activation is important for hypertensive and smoking individuals.
- Beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) in plasma and urine are potential indicators of platelet activation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate in vivo blood platelet activation by measuring plasma beta-thromboglobulin and urinary high molecular weight beta-thromboglobulin (HMW beta-TG).
- To investigate the relationship between these markers in hypertensive and normotensive men, considering smoking status.
- To identify factors influencing the excretion and levels of these platelet activation markers.
Main Methods:
- Measured plasma beta-TG and urinary HMW beta-TG in hypertensive (n=36) and normotensive (n=40) middle-aged men.
- Analyzed correlations between urinary HMW beta-TG and plasma beta-TG.
- Utilized multivariate analyses to assess relationships with blood pressure, smoking, and apolipoproteins.
Main Results:
- No significant linear relationship was found between urinary HMW beta-TG and plasma beta-TG.
- Urinary HMW beta-TG excretion correlated significantly with diastolic blood pressure.
- Nonsmokers showed higher HMW beta-TG excretion than smokers; hypertensives tended to have higher plasma beta-TG.
- Multivariate analysis indicated HMW beta-TG relates to diastolic blood pressure and smoking, while plasma beta-TG relates to diastolic blood pressure and apolipoproteins A1/B.
Conclusions:
- Urinary HMW beta-TG and plasma beta-TG are not closely related but offer complementary information on platelet activation.
- Both markers are influenced by methodological confounders.
- Diastolic blood pressure and smoking status are significant factors affecting these platelet activation markers.
Abstract:
Blood platelet activation in vivo was evaluated by measuring beta-thromboglobulin in plasma and high molecular weight beta-thromboglobulin in urine in hypertensive smoking and nonsmoking middle-aged men (n=36) and in normotensive age-matched controls (n=40). We found no significant linear relationships between nocturnal or resting urinary high molecular weight beta-thromboglobulin and plasma beta-thromboglobulin in the combined hypertensive and normotensive groups. The excretion of high molecular weight beta-thromboglobulin correlated significantly with diastolic blood pressure when all subjects were pooled. After 60 minutes supine rest, nonsmokers had higher excretion of high molecular weight beta-thromboglobulin than smokers. Plasma beta-thromboglobulin levels tended to be higher in hypertensives. In multivariate analyses, resting high molecular weight beta-thromboglobulin excretion was positively related to diastolic blood pressure and negatively related to smoking, whereas plasma beta-thromboglobulin was positively related to diastolic blood pressure and inversely related to apolipoprotein A1 and B. We conclude that urinary high molecular weight beta-thromboglobulin and plasma beta-thromboglobulin are not closely related, but are complementary analyses, as there are methodological confounders for both variables.