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Acclimatization strategies--preparing for exercise in the heat
Y Shapiro1, D Moran, Y Epstein
1Heller Institute of Medical Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
International Journal of Sports Medicine
|August 7, 1998
Summary
Heat acclimatization involves physiological adjustments for improved heat tolerance. Significant adaptation occurs within 5 days, with full habituation achieved in 10-14 days, enhancing health in hot climates.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Physiology
- Human Adaptation
Background:
- Historical observations by Lind (1768) suggested reduced health risks in hot climates due to habituation.
- Previous studies highlighted physiological adjustments during heat acclimatization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the process of heat adaptation in humans.
- To quantify the timeline of physiological adjustments to heat exposure.
Main Methods:
- A classical study involving human subjects exposed to hot/dry conditions (49°C, 20% rh).
- Monitoring physiological responses during heat exposure.
Main Results:
- Heat adaptation is a series of physiological adjustments.
- Two-thirds of adaptation is achieved within 5 days; full adaptation in 10-14 days.
- Key changes include heightened sweating, lowered heart rate, and reduced rectal temperature during exercise in heat.
Conclusions:
- Habituation to heat leads to improved physiological tolerance.
- Rapid physiological changes facilitate adaptation to hot environments.
- Understanding heat adaptation is crucial for health in extreme climates.