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The unfolded protein response: an intracellular signalling pathway with many surprising features
C Sidrauski1, R Chapman, P Walter
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0448, USA.
Abstract:
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an intracellular signalling pathway--originating in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and leading to the cell nucleus--that controls transcription of genes encoding ER-resident proteins. Recent developments in this field show that this pathway utilizes unique regulatory mechanisms, including translational attenuation and a regulated mRNA splicing step catalysed by a bifunctional transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease and tRNA ligase. This review describes the characterization of the UPR signalling pathway, focusing on the novel regulatory mechanisms that it has revealed.