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[DNA polymerases in human platelets]

L Tarrago-Litvak, C Desgranges, A Araya

    Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires Des Seances De L'Academie Des Sciences. Serie D: Sciences Naturelles
    |April 10, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human platelets contain two DNA polymerases: DNA polymerase gamma and a DNA polymerase similar to animal cell polymerase alpha. Only DNA polymerase gamma is found within platelet mitochondria.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Human platelets possess enzymatic machinery for DNA replication and repair.
    • Understanding the specific DNA polymerases present in platelets is crucial for comprehending their cellular functions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize the DNA polymerases present in human platelets.
    • To determine the subcellular localization of these identified DNA polymerases.

    Main Methods:

    • Cellular fractionation to isolate cytoplasmic and mitochondrial components of human platelets.
    • Enzymatic assays to detect and differentiate DNA polymerase activities.

    Main Results:

    • Two distinct DNA polymerase activities were detected in the mitochondrial-free cytoplasm of human platelets.

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  • One activity corresponded to DNA polymerase gamma, while the other was closely related to animal cell DNA polymerase alpha.
  • Mitochondrial fractions of human platelets exclusively exhibited DNA polymerase gamma activity.

    • Conclusions:

    • Human platelets contain at least two distinct DNA polymerases in their cytoplasm.
    • DNA polymerase gamma is present in both the cytoplasm and mitochondria of human platelets.
    • The findings suggest a role for DNA polymerase alpha-like activity in platelet cytoplasmic functions and DNA polymerase gamma in both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial DNA maintenance.