[Chemotherapy in pyelonephritis]

In the present paper the most important general directions of the chemotherapy of the acute as well as the chronic pyelonephritis are explained. In adult age actual acute pyelonephritides are rare. In most cases acute attacks of chronic pyelonephritides are in question. Also in the acute pyelonephritides for the initial therapy the application of highly effective chemotherapeutics is recommended which lead to high tissue and serum levels. The exclusive application of nitrofurantoin or an only symptomatic therapy is not indicated in acute pyelonephritis. Only a consequent therapy of the acute form of the course gives the possibility to reduce the number of chronic pyelonephritides. The most favourable conditions for the treatment of chronic pyelonephritis with the aim of stopping the chronic process or eventually even a cure are given by the long-term therapy. For the initial therapy according to the antibiogramme a tissue effective chemotherapeutic remedy is administered. This was followed by a long-term prophylaxis of about 6 months. Taking into consideration the therapeutic mechanisms of the preparations and the severity of the clinical picture always the least toxical antibacterial remedies should be administered. The most important chemotherapeutics for the therapy of pyelonephritis, their side-effects and the peculiarities of their use in renal insufficiency are discussed.