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Calciuria and preeclampsia

J G Ramos1, S H Martins-Costa, J B Kessler

  • 1Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Medicas E Biologicas
|August 12, 1998
PubMed
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Urinary calcium excretion is significantly lower in preeclampsia (PE) compared to chronic arterial hypertension (CAH) and normotensive pregnancies. This finding suggests calciuria may help identify preeclampsia in pregnant patients.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension and proteinuria.
  • Diminished urinary calcium excretion has been previously suggested in preeclampsia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare urinary calcium excretion in pregnant patients with chronic arterial hypertension (CAH), preeclampsia (PE), and normotensive (N) controls.
  • To investigate calciuria as a potential diagnostic marker for preeclampsia.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 44 pregnant patients (18 CAH, 17 PE, 9 N) aged 20-42 weeks gestation.
  • Measurements included 24-hour urinary calcium excretion (calciuria), proteinuria, plasma uric acid, and blood pressure.

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Main Results:

  • Patients with PE exhibited significantly lower calciuria (82 mg/24 h) compared to CAH (147 mg/24 h) and N (317 mg/24 h) groups (P < 0.05).
  • Plasma uric acid was significantly higher in the PE group (6.1 mg/dl) versus the CAH group (5.0 mg/dl; P < 0.05).
  • Proteinuria was higher in PE, but not statistically significant; blood pressure did not differ between PE and CAH groups.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary calcium excretion is significantly diminished in preeclampsia compared to chronic arterial hypertension.
  • Calciuria represents a potential additional biomarker for the identification of preeclampsia.