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Related Experiment Videos

Resistance training and elite athletes: adaptations and program considerations

W J Kraemer1, N D Duncan, J S Volek

  • 1Department of Kinesiology/Noll Physiological Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.

The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
|August 12, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Resistance exercise training is crucial for athletes, impacting multiple body systems. Optimizing training requires understanding scientific principles and tailoring programs to specific athletic demands for peak performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Historically, skepticism about resistance exercise training benefits has shifted to recognizing its importance for athletes.
  • Current understanding highlights the critical role of muscular overload in athletic training programs.
  • Rapid advancements in sports science provide insights into physiological adaptations from varied training protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To underscore the necessity of understanding basic scientific principles in resistance training.
  • To emphasize the importance of selecting acute program variables that simulate sports-specific movements.
  • To guide the design of individualized training programs based on athlete requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on resistance training and physiological adaptations.

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  • Analysis of the impact of resistance training on multiple body systems (muscular, endocrine, skeletal, metabolic, immune, neural, respiratory).
  • Discussion of principles for optimizing training responses and performance transfer.

    • Main Results:

    • Resistance training significantly impacts numerous physiological systems.
    • Tailoring training variables (e.g., eccentric, isometric, velocity-specific) is key for specific athletic events.
    • Program variation is essential for maximizing gains and preventing overtraining.

    Conclusions:

    • A comprehensive understanding of resistance training principles is vital for elite athlete development.
    • Individualized training programs, considering specific needs and physiological responses, are paramount.
    • Strategic program variation ensures continued adaptation and mitigates overtraining risks.