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Zinc and micronutrient supplements for children

L H Allen1

  • 1Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616-8664, USA.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|August 13, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Zinc supplementation is crucial for children with poor diets or specific health issues like stunting or diarrhea. Further research is needed on zinc salt acceptability and bioavailability for effective child nutrition strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Pediatric Health
  • Public Health Interventions

Background:

  • Inadequate zinc intake is a widespread issue in developing nations, particularly during complementary feeding.
  • Zinc deficiency can lead to severe stunting, low plasma zinc levels, and persistent diarrhea in children.
  • Current zinc supplementation strategies lack systematic evaluation regarding the acceptability and bioavailability of different zinc salts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of zinc supplementation for children with specific nutritional deficiencies and health conditions.
  • To identify the need for research into the palatability and absorption of various zinc supplements.
  • To inform future recommendations for optimal zinc dosing and formulation in pediatric nutrition.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing knowledge on zinc deficiency and supplementation in children.
  • It examines the challenges associated with different zinc salt formulations, including solubility and bioavailability.
  • The analysis considers dietary inhibitors of zinc absorption and the need for further research on optimal dosing.

Main Results:

  • Certain zinc salts (carbonate, oxide) exhibit poor absorption and palatability issues, potentially causing nausea.
  • Limited data exists on the bioavailability of different zinc supplements when consumed with dietary inhibitors.
  • Optimal quantity and frequency of zinc dosing require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Zinc supplementation should be considered for children with low absorbable zinc diets, stunting, low plasma zinc, or persistent diarrhea.
  • Future efforts should focus on developing palatable and bioavailable zinc supplements.
  • Routine inclusion of zinc with iron supplements and co-administration of other micronutrients warrants consideration for comprehensive child nutrition.

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