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Resistance training improves insulin sensitivity in NIDDM subjects without altering maximal oxygen uptake
1Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Japan.
Diabetes Care
|August 14, 1998
Summary
Resistance training significantly improved insulin sensitivity in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). This exercise intervention enhanced glucose disposal rates without affecting body composition or maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Health
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is characterized by impaired insulin sensitivity.
- Lifestyle interventions, including exercise, are crucial for managing NIDDM.
- The specific effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in nonobese NIDDM patients require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of a structured resistance training program on insulin sensitivity in nonobese individuals with NIDDM.
- To assess changes in glucose disposal rate, HbA1c, and body composition following resistance training.
- To evaluate the effect of resistance training on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and muscular strength.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving sedentary nonobese NIDDM patients.
- Participants were assigned to either a resistance training (RT) group (n=9) or a sedentary control (SED) group (n=8).
- Insulin sensitivity was measured using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique, alongside HbA1c and body composition assessments before and after a 4-6 week intervention period. VO2max and quadriceps strength were measured in the RT group.
Main Results:
- The RT group demonstrated a significant 48% increase in glucose disposal rate, indicating improved insulin sensitivity (P < 0.05).
- No significant changes in body composition were observed in either the RT or SED groups.
- Quadriceps strength increased by 16% in the RT group (P < 0.05), while VO2max remained unchanged.
Conclusions:
- Moderate-intensity, high-volume resistance training is an effective strategy for enhancing insulin sensitivity in nonobese NIDDM patients.
- Resistance training improves glucose metabolism and muscular strength without negatively impacting cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) or body composition.
- These findings support the integration of resistance exercise into the management of NIDDM.