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AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B): a comparative review
G W Boswell1, D Buell, I Bekersky
1Fujisawa USA, Inc., Deerfield, Illinois 60015, USA.
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|August 14, 1998
Summary
AmBisome, a liposomal amphotericin B formulation, offers improved pharmacokinetics and targets fungal infections effectively. Its unique liposomal structure enhances drug delivery and efficacy against susceptible fungi.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Mycology
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- AmBisome is a unilamellar liposomal formulation of amphotericin B.
- It is approved for empirical treatment of fungal infections in febrile neutropenic patients and for refractory fungal infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the characteristics and properties of AmBisome.
- To compare AmBisome's pharmacokinetic profile with other amphotericin B formulations.
Main Methods:
- Characterization of AmBisome as a small, stable liposome.
- Pharmacokinetic analysis comparing AmBisome to lipid-complexed amphotericin B.
- In vivo observation of AmBisome accumulation at infection sites.
Main Results:
- AmBisome exhibits increased area under the plasma concentration-time curve and lower clearance compared to lipid-complexed formulations.
- AmBisome liposomes accumulate at fungal infection sites.
- AmBisome disrupts fungal cell walls, leading to ergosterol binding and cell lysis.
Conclusions:
- AmBisome possesses distinct physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties due to its liposomal formulation.
- Its stability and targeted delivery enhance its efficacy in treating fungal infections.
- AmBisome effectively penetrates fungal cell walls, targeting both extracellular and intracellular forms.