Clench: a new autosomal recessive mutation in Japanese quail

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The Golden Apple Snail Pomacea canaliculata: From Zygotes to Stable Mutant Lines
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The Golden Apple Snail Pomacea canaliculata: From Zygotes to Stable Mutant Lines

Published on: December 23, 2025

Y Nakane1, M Tsudzuki

  • 1Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan. ynakane@jyui.vet.osakafu-u.ac.jp

The Journal of Heredity
|August 15, 1998
PubMed

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Lethal Alleles

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Epistasis

In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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X-linked Traits

In most mammalian species, females have two X sex chromosomes and males have an X and Y. As a result, mutations on the X chromosome in females may be masked by the presence of a normal allele on the second X. In contrast, a mutation on the X chromosome in males more often causes observable biological defects, as there is no normal X to compensate. Trait variations arising from mutations on the X chromosome are called “X-linked”.
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X-linked Traits

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