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Related Experiment Videos

Serum gentamicin concentrations in compromised neonatal foals

A L Raisis1, J L Hodgson, D R Hodgson

  • 1Rural Veterinary Centre, Department of Animal Health, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia.

Equine Veterinary Journal
|August 15, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Gentamicin therapy in neonatal foals achieved adequate peak serum concentrations. However, clinical response was not linked to peak levels but was negatively impacted by foal depression, with no observed gentamicin toxicity.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pharmacology
  • Neonatal Foal Health
  • Infectious Disease Management

Background:

  • Neonatal foal septicaemia is a significant cause of mortality.
  • Gentamicin is a commonly used antibiotic for treating bacterial infections in foals.
  • Understanding gentamicin pharmacokinetics and efficacy in foals is crucial for optimal treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine serum gentamicin concentrations in neonatal foals treated at 3.3 mg/kg twice daily intramuscularly.
  • To identify factors influencing inter-foal variation in gentamicin serum concentrations.
  • To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of gentamicin therapy in foals with septicaemia.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 21 hospitalised neonatal foals.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement of peak (Ps) and trough (Ts) serum gentamicin concentrations.
  • Analysis of factors including age, bodyweight, dehydration, and sepsis score.
  • Evaluation of clinical response and gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.

    • Main Results:

    • All foals achieved Ps > 6 microg/ml, with 60% reaching Ps > 8 microg/ml. All foals had Ts < 2 microg/ml.
    • Factors influencing Ps included decreased age (< 24h), decreased bodyweight (< 38kg), and increased dehydration (8-12%).
    • Clinical response was not associated with Ps > 8 microg/ml but was negatively influenced by foal depression. No adverse effects like septic arthritis, pneumonia, or nephrotoxicity were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • The studied gentamicin dosage achieved adequate serum concentrations in neonatal foals.
    • Inter-foal variability in gentamicin levels is influenced by foal-specific factors.
    • Clinical efficacy appears more related to foal status than specific peak serum concentrations, and gentamicin was well-tolerated.