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[Current aspects of using ketamine in childhood]
1Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Medizinischen Fakultät, Universität Rostock.
Anaesthesiologie Und Reanimation
|August 26, 1998
Summary
Ketamine, particularly S-(+)-ketamine, offers versatile pediatric anesthesia options via various routes. Careful dosing and combinations are crucial for safe and effective use in children.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Medicine
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Ketamine's psychotomimetic and sympathomimetic side effects limit its use.
- S-(+)-ketamine (Ketanest S) offers higher potency and faster elimination than racemic ketamine.
- Limited clinical experience exists for S-(+)-ketamine in pediatric anesthesia.
Purpose:
- To provide an overview of ketamine's potential applications in pediatric anesthesia.
- To explore ketamine's role in premedication and induction, especially with midazolam.
- To discuss ketamine's use in specific pediatric patient populations and procedures.
Summary:
- Ketamine can be administered via nasal, rectal, oral, or intramuscular routes, facilitating premedication and anesthesia induction.
- It is beneficial for children with difficult venous access, anxiety, or those unable to cooperate.
- Applications include minor surgeries, analgosedation, induction in hemodynamically unstable children, and intensive care settings.
Impact:
- Ketamine expands anesthetic options for challenging pediatric cases.
- Low doses and careful drug combinations (e.g., with midazolam) are recommended to avoid complications.
- Awareness of cumulative effects and contraindications is essential for safe pediatric ketamine use.