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[Neoplasms and kidney transplantation. Case contribution]

E Capocasale1, L Bignardi, A Adorni

  • 1Istituto di Clinica Chirurgica Generale e dei Trapianti d'Organo, Università degli Studi, Parma.

Minerva Urologica E Nefrologica = the Italian Journal of Urology and Nephrology
|August 26, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Cancer incidence is higher post-transplant, with skin cancers and Kaposi's sarcoma being most common. Early diagnosis and careful monitoring of immunosuppressive therapy are key to managing post-transplant malignancies.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Malignancy rates are elevated in transplant recipients compared to the general population.
  • Specific cancers like skin, female genital, non-Hodgkin's disease, and Kaposi's sarcoma are more prevalent.
  • Renal transplantation involves long-term immunosuppressive therapy, increasing cancer risk.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the frequency of cancer development after renal transplantation.
  • To assess the efficacy of treatments for post-transplant cancers.
  • To identify risk factors and diagnostic strategies for post-transplant malignancies.

Summary:

  • A retrospective analysis of 404 renal transplant recipients identified 15 cancers in 11 patients (3.7%) over a mean of 44.8 months of immunosuppression.

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  • Skin cancers (53.3%) and Kaposi's sarcoma (20%) were the most frequent malignancies observed.
  • All cancers were surgically treated, except for Kaposi's sarcoma cases where immunosuppression was reduced. A single death (0.25%) occurred, with most patients maintaining renal function.

    • Impact:

    • Findings underscore the importance of vigilant cancer screening in renal transplant recipients.
    • Understanding the relationship between immunosuppressive therapy and cancer incidence can guide preventative strategies.
    • Early detection and tailored treatment approaches are crucial for improving outcomes in post-transplant cancer patients.