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A nasal critical-size defect: an experimental model for the evaluation of facial osseous repair techniques
W H Lindsey1, D A Franz, J S Toung
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, USA. whl5r@virginia.edu
Objective:
To create a standardized nonhealing defect of craniofacial, minimal load-bearing, endochondral type bone with geometric properties that are amenable to quantitative and biomechanical testing that can be used to develop new osteoconductive and osteoinductive engineering repair techniques.
Design:
Before-and-after randomized trial of an anatomical description.
Subjects:
Twenty-four retired male breeder Sprague-Dawley rats.
Methods:
A standardized osseous defect was created by removing the nasal bones with a cutting burr to the level of the nasal mucosal membranes. The defects were not repaired, and groups of 8 animals were examined using planimetry, computed tomographic scanning, and histological analysis at 1, 3, and 6 months following surgery to quantify defect repair.
Results:
Mean repair rate by surface area measurements at 1, 3, and 6 months was 5.75%, 4.89%, and 7.09%, respectively. Results from histological analysis revealed that the defects were filled with fibrous tissue. Computed tomographic scans showed the bone defect without repair.
Conclusion:
This nasal osseous defect fulfills criteria to be considered as a critical-size defect that can be used to investigate new techniques for bone reconstruction.