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Interactions between a Nosema sp. (Microspora: nosematidae) and nuclear polyhedrosis virus infecting the gypsy moth,

L S Bauer1, D L Miller, J V Maddox

  • 1Department of Entomology, North Central Forest Experiment Station, East Lansing, Michigan, 48823, USA.

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
|August 26, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Coinfection of gypsy moth larvae with Lymantria dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LdNPV) and Nosema sp. showed variable interactions. Nosema sp. preinfection significantly increased LdNPV infectivity and reduced larval mass.

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Insect Pathology
  • Biological Control

Background:

  • Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) is a significant forest pest.
  • Understanding pathogen interactions is crucial for effective biological control strategies.
  • Lymantria dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LdNPV) and Nosema sp. are potential biocontrol agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between LdNPV and Nosema sp. during coinfection in gypsy moth larvae.
  • To determine the effect of sequential and simultaneous infections on gypsy moth susceptibility and pathogen virulence.
  • To assess the potential of Nosema sp. as a component in gypsy moth biological control programs.

Main Methods:

  • Gypsy moth larvae were inoculated with LdNPV and Nosema sp. via per os and transovarial routes.
  • Simultaneous and sequential infection experiments were conducted.
  • Larval susceptibility, viral infectivity, time to death, and larval mass were measured.

Main Results:

  • The interaction between LdNPV and Nosema sp. ranged from synergistic to antagonistic.
  • Nosema sp. infection did not affect gypsy moth susceptibility to LdNPV but increased viral infectivity 10-fold.
  • Preceding Nosema sp. infection reduced polyhedron production and larval mass, with earlier death.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between LdNPV and Nosema sp. is complex and depends on the infection sequence.
  • Nosema sp. can enhance LdNPV efficacy, suggesting potential for integrated pest management.
  • Further research is needed to optimize the use of these pathogens for gypsy moth control.

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