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Cyanide determination in biological fluids using a microdiffusion method with a flow system and polarographic

P C do Nascimento1, D Bohrer, L M de Carvalho

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil. npaulo@quimica.ufsm.br

The Analyst
|August 26, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an automated method for determining cyanide in biological samples using polarography and a gas-diffusion system. The novel approach offers accurate and sensitive cyanide quantification in blood, plasma, and urine.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Cyanide is a highly toxic compound requiring sensitive detection methods.
  • Existing methods for cyanide determination can be time-consuming and complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an automated polarographic method for cyanide determination.
  • To measure volatile cyanide in biological samples like blood, plasma, and urine.
  • To optimize parameters for accurate cyanide quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Automated polarographic determination of cyanide as tetracyanonickelate(II) anion complex.
  • Utilized a gas-diffusion flow system for volatile cyanide separation.
  • Employed a hanging mercury-drop electrode (HMDE) for electrochemical detection.
  • Investigated parameters including acceptor solution, pH, flow rate, and temperature.

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Main Results:

  • Achieved a linear calibration range of 0.1 to 2.0 µg cyanide (r = 0.998).
  • Demonstrated good precision with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 3.4% and 1.2%.
  • Established a detection limit of 7.4 µg/L using the flow system.

Conclusions:

  • The automated gas-diffusion flow system provides a reliable and sensitive method for cyanide analysis.
  • This method is suitable for determining cyanide in various biological matrices.
  • The developed technique offers an improvement over classical methods for cyanide quantification.