Reconstruction of the hematopoietic system after stem cell transplantation

The practice of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to rescue patients from the myeloablative effects of chemo- or radiotherapy, or to replace defective hematopoiesis, is based on the assumption that hematopoietic stem cells in the graft have sufficient proliferative potential to supply mature blood cells for the remainder of the recipient's lifespan. However, the mechanism(s) whereby this is achieved are not well understood. Here we address the reconstruction of the hematopoietic system by considering the effects of stem cell and progenitor cell renewal and differentiation. We conclude that stem cell self-renewal is necessary for hematological recovery and that infused committed progenitor cells (CFU-GM) may contribute to the neutrophil count in the early posttransplant period.