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Metallo-beta-lactamases: a class apart

K Bush1

  • 1Astra Research Center Boston, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|August 26, 1998
PubMed
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Metallo-beta-lactamases are emerging enzymes that hydrolyze beta-lactams. Their increasing plasmid-mediated carbapenem resistance threatens the efficacy of these crucial antibiotics.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Enzymology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) are increasingly significant beta-lactam-hydrolyzing enzymes.
  • Two distinct functional groups of MBLs exist, differing structurally.
  • One group hydrolyzes most beta-lactams except monobactams; the second comprises carbapenemases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing prominence of metallo-beta-lactamases.
  • To discuss the implications of carbapenemase-producing metallo-beta-lactamases.
  • To address the threat of plasmid-mediated carbapenem resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme characterization and classification.
  • Analysis of resistance mechanisms.
  • Surveillance of carbapenem-resistant isolates.

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Main Results:

  • Two main groups of metallo-beta-lactamases identified with distinct substrate profiles.
  • Carbapenemases, primarily in Aeromonas species, show poor hydrolysis of penicillins and cephalosporins.
  • Emergence of plasmid-mediated metallo-beta-lactamases, particularly in Japan, is a significant concern.

Conclusions:

  • Metallo-beta-lactamases represent a growing challenge in antimicrobial resistance.
  • Plasmid-mediated carbapenem resistance mediated by these enzymes is increasing.
  • The widespread use of carbapenems may be compromised by the spread of metallo-beta-lactamases.