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Fruit and vegetable intake in young children

B A Dennison¹, H L Rockwell, S L Baker

¹Mary Imogene Bassett Research Institute, Cooperstown, NY 13326-1394, USA.

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

|August 26, 1998

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Young children consume insufficient fruits and vegetables, with juice making up most fruit intake. Low fruit and vegetable consumption is linked to poor nutrient intake and higher fat intake.

Area of Science:

Pediatric Nutrition
Dietary Habits
Public Health

Background:

Current dietary guidelines recommend increased fruit and vegetable consumption for Americans aged 2 years and older.
Assessing children's adherence to these recommendations is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the daily fruit and vegetable intake among healthy preschool-aged children.
To determine the extent to which young children's diets meet recommended servings of fruits and vegetables.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at a primary care center.
Dietary records from 168 children (2- and 5-year-olds) were analyzed over 7 days.
Fruit and vegetable servings were calculated using USDA definitions.

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Main Results:

Children consumed approximately 0.8 fruit servings and 2.1 total fruit and vegetable servings daily.
Fruit juice comprised a significant portion (54%) of all fruit servings.
Lower fruit and vegetable intake correlated with lower vitamin A, C, and fiber intake, and higher fat intake.

Conclusions:

Preschoolers consumed about 80% of recommended fruit servings but only 25% of recommended vegetable servings.
Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake was associated with deficiencies in key nutrients and higher fat consumption.
Findings highlight the need for interventions to improve fruit and vegetable intake in young children.