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Pain perception following subcutaneous injections of citrate-buffered and phosphate-buffered epoetin alpha
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin. yualexw@cuhk.edu.hk
The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|August 26, 1998
Abstract:
Subcutaneous injection of citrate-buffered epoetin alpha (EPO-alpha) causes pain. Substitution of citrate buffer with a phosphate buffer in the EPO-alpha resulted in a significant reduction in duration and severity of pain. It is possible that sodium citrate which is present in the EPO-alpha may be the agent that causes discomfort in the patients.