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Delayed onset malignant hyperthermia in two pigs

D C Brodbelt1, P M Taylor

  • 1Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge University.

The Veterinary Record
|August 26, 1998
PubMed
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Malignant hyperthermia (MH) developed unusually late in two pigs after halothane anesthesia. While prompt treatment failed in one case, it succeeded in the other, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring and rapid intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Anesthesiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Animal Physiology

Background:

  • Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, life-threatening pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle.
  • Triggered by volatile anesthetics like halothane and succinylcholine.
  • Typically manifests during or shortly after anesthetic administration.

Observation:

  • Two pigs (Landrace x Large White) developed MH 75 and 105 minutes after halothane induction.
  • Delayed onset of MH symptoms was observed in both cases.
  • Clinical presentation included signs consistent with MH, despite the unusual timing.

Findings:

  • Halothane anesthesia was identified as the trigger in both cases.
  • Rapid discontinuation of halothane and supportive care were initiated.

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  • Treatment success varied; the condition was irreversible in the first pig but reversible in the second.

    • Implications:

    • The delayed onset of MH suggests complex physiological responses or varying susceptibility.
    • Highlights the critical need for continuous patient monitoring throughout the anesthetic period.
    • Emphasizes the importance of rapid, aggressive therapeutic interventions for managing MH episodes in swine.