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Clinical experience with sperm antibody testing

C Schoenfeld, R D Amelar, L Dubin

    Fertility and Sterility
    |October 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study found that 13.1% of patients had sperm-agglutinating antibodies, with a higher incidence of autoantibodies in males. Sperm-immobilizing antibodies were detected in 4.5% of patients, indicating potential immune factors affecting fertility.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Reproductive Medicine
    • Human Reproduction

    Background:

    • Immune responses can impact fertility.
    • Sperm antibodies are implicated in infertility.
    • Prevalence studies are crucial for understanding immune-related fertility issues.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the incidence of sperm-agglutinating and sperm-immobilizing antibodies in a patient population.
    • To investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies in male patients with specific semen parameters.
    • To assess the presence of antibodies in both male and female patients undergoing fertility evaluations.

    Main Methods:

    • Kibrick spermagglutination test was used to detect sperm-agglutinating antibodies.
    • Isojima sperm-immobilization test was employed to identify sperm-immobilizing antibodies.

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  • Patient cohorts included males and females undergoing fertility assessments.

    • Main Results:

    • Sperm-agglutinating antibodies were detected in 13.1% (95/724) of patients.
    • Autoantibodies were found in nearly 20% of male patients (80/406).
    • Sperm-immobilizing antibodies were present in 4.5% (14/315) of patients tested.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant portion of the studied population exhibited sperm antibodies, suggesting immune factors may contribute to infertility.
    • The high incidence of autoantibodies in specific male subgroups warrants further investigation.
    • These findings highlight the importance of considering immunological assessments in fertility evaluations.