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[Helminth diagnosis in pathologic anatomy]

C Pierre1, M Civatte, A Chevalier

  • 1Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, l'Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Sainte-Anne, Toulon, France.

Medecine Tropicale : Revue Du Corps De Sante Colonial
|August 27, 1998
PubMed
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This study proposes a histological diagnostic method for helminths, focusing on tissue fragments rather than whole worms. It details distinguishing features between helminth types for accurate identification in histopathology.

Area of Science:

  • Histopathology
  • Parasitology
  • Medical Entomology

Context:

  • Current helminth diagnosis primarily relies on parasitological methods, often overlooking detailed histological features.
  • Histologists encounter parasite fragments, necessitating a diagnostic approach distinct from whole-worm visualization.

Purpose:

  • To propose a histological diagnostic method for helminths tailored for histologists.
  • To differentiate helminths from arthropods based on distinct histological characteristics like muscle type and body cavity presence.

Summary:

  • Differentiates helminths (smooth muscle, no respiratory/circulatory system, no coelom) from arthropods (striated muscle, respiratory/circulatory systems, coelom).
  • Describes adult roundworms (nemathelminths) with external cuticle and empty visceral cavity, noting intestinal (oviparous) or tissue-dwelling (viviparous) habits.

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  • Distinguishes tapeworms (cestodes) lacking a digestive tract and cuticle from segmented trematodes with a digestive tract, and identifies cestodes causing human cystic diseases.
  • Impact:

    • Enables accurate genus and species identification of helminths from histological sections, even with damaged specimens.
    • Provides a valuable resource for histologists in diagnosing helminthic infections based on tissue morphology.
    • Enhances diagnostic capabilities in parasitology and tropical medicine through detailed histological criteria.