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Updated: Sep 21, 2026

In Vitro Culture of Epithelial Cells from Different Anatomical Regions of the Human Amniotic Membrane
10:00

In Vitro Culture of Epithelial Cells from Different Anatomical Regions of the Human Amniotic Membrane

Published on: November 28, 2019

Amniotic fluid and the umbilical cord: the fetal milieu and lifeline

R Sohaey1

  • 1Women's Imaging, Grandvalley Radiology, Holland, MI, USA.

Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR
|August 27, 1998
PubMed

Amniotic fluid volume should be routinely assessed in every second and third trimester case. A review of amniotic fluid physiology and techniques for ultrasound evaluation of fluid volume is presented. The causes and significance of oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios are stressed. Umbilical cord abnormalities are often incidently observed at the time of amniotic fluid evaluation. The clinical significance of some common umbilical cord abnormalities such as a two-vessel cord and nuchal cord are discussed. Other, more uncommon entities such as cord mass lesions are also reviewed. Finally, the role of cord Doppler interrogation in determining fetal well-being is discussed.

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