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Related Experiment Videos

The SCL-90 factor structure in comorbid substance abusers

M Zack1, T Toneatto, D L Streiner

  • 1Addiction Research Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. mzack@arf.org

Journal of Substance Abuse
|August 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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The Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) measures general psychiatric distress in individuals with co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorders. Findings suggest the SCL-90 effectively captures overall distress rather than specific symptom dimensions in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • The Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) is used to predict treatment response in substance abusers.
  • Concerns exist regarding the construct validity of its subscales.
  • Assessing the SCL-90's factor structure in comorbid populations is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the factor structure of the SCL-90 in outpatients with coexisting substance use and psychiatric disorders.
  • To test factorial invariance across gender.
  • To determine the scale's empirical factor structure.

Main Methods:

  • Factor analysis of the SCL-90 in 740 outpatients.
  • Congruency coefficient and salient similarity index for gender invariance.
  • Exploratory factor analyses to assess empirical structure.

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Main Results:

  • Factor loadings for the first three factors were congruent between genders.
  • Three inter-correlated factors explained 38% of the total variance.
  • A single higher-order factor explained 60% of the variance in factor scores.

Conclusions:

  • The SCL-90's factor structure is largely consistent across genders in this comorbid sample.
  • The SCL-90 appears to measure general psychiatric distress in individuals with comorbid substance use and psychiatric disorders.
  • Findings support the use of the SCL-90 as a measure of overall psychological distress in this clinical population.