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Dopamine D2 densities and the schizophrenic brain

K K Zakzanis1, K T Hansen

  • 1Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ont., Canada. zakzanis@yorku.ca

Schizophrenia Research
|August 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Meta-analysis indicates that while increased D2 dopamine receptor density is common in schizophrenia patients, it is not a consistent or specific diagnostic marker. Approximately 30% of patients could not be distinguished from healthy controls.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Radiology

Background:

  • The D2 dopamine receptor hypothesis is a prominent theory in schizophrenia research.
  • Previous studies have suggested alterations in D2 dopamine receptor density in individuals with schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To meta-analytically evaluate the D2 dopamine density hypothesis in schizophrenia.
  • To determine if increased D2 receptor density is a specific and consistent marker for schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted on post-mortem and in-vivo (PET, SPECT) neuroimaging studies.
  • Studies published between 1980 and 1996 meeting inclusion criteria were analyzed.
  • Effect sizes were calculated across the included studies.

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Main Results:

  • The mean effect size for D2 dopamine receptor density in schizophrenia was 1.47 (d).
  • This effect size, while large, does not meet criteria for a specific diagnostic marker.
  • Around 30% of schizophrenia patients could not be differentiated from healthy controls based on D2 density.

Conclusions:

  • Increased D2 dopamine receptor density is a reliable finding in approximately 70% of schizophrenia patients.
  • However, D2 receptor density increases are not specific or consistent enough to serve as a definitive marker for schizophrenia.