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Staphylococcal lipases: molecular characterisation, secretion, and processing

F Götz1, H M Verheij, R Rosenstein

  • 1Universität Tübingen, Germany. friedrich.goetz@uni-tuebingen.de

Chemistry and Physics of Lipids
|August 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Five staphylococcal lipase genes were sequenced, revealing pre-pro-enzyme structures. The pro-region aids protein translocation and protection, with Staphylococcus hyicus lipase exhibiting unique phospho-lipase activity.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Enzymology
  • Protein Biochemistry

Background:

  • Five staphylococcal lipase genes (sal-1, sal-2, sel-1, sel-2, sh1) from S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. hyicus were cloned and sequenced.
  • Staphylococcal lipase proteins are synthesized as pre-pro-enzymes, comprising a signal peptide, a pro-region (207-267 amino acids), and a mature enzyme domain (380-400 amino acids).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the structure and function of staphylococcal lipases.
  • To investigate the role of the pro-region in lipase secretion, activity, and protein translocation.
  • To differentiate the enzymatic activities of lipases from different Staphylococcus species.

Main Methods:

  • Gene cloning and sequencing of staphylococcal lipase genes.
  • Analysis of protein structure, including signal peptide, pro-region, and mature enzyme domains.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assay of lipase and phospholipase activities of native and recombinant enzymes.

    • Main Results:

    • Staphylococcal lipases are secreted as pro-lipases and processed extracellularly by a protease.
    • The pro-lipase exhibits significant enzymatic activity, comparable to the mature form.
    • The pro-region functions as an intramolecular chaperone, facilitating translocation and protecting fused proteins from degradation.
    • Staphylococcus hyicus lipase (SHL) possesses both lipase and phospholipase activity, unlike S. aureus and S. epidermidis lipases.

    Conclusions:

    • The pro-region of staphylococcal lipases plays a crucial role in secretion, stability, and protein translocation.
    • The distinct enzymatic profile of SHL suggests specialized functions within Staphylococcus hyicus.
    • Understanding staphylococcal lipase structure-function relationships can inform biotechnological applications.