Multiple system atrophy following chronic carbon disulfide exposure

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Toxicology
• Neurology

Background:

• Carbon disulfide (CS2) is a known neurotoxicant affecting multiple organ systems.
• Its neurotoxicity typically manifests as encephalopathy, peripheral/cranial nerve dysfunction, and movement disorders.

Observation:

• A case report details an adult with over 30 years of occupational CS2 exposure.
• The patient developed olivopontocerebellar atrophy, a form of multiple system atrophy.
• Symptoms included insidious onset of balance issues, impotence, and irritability, without typical parkinsonian signs.

Findings:

• The clinical diagnosis of olivopontocerebellar atrophy was confirmed via neuroimaging.
• The patient experienced progressive ataxia and died 9 years post-diagnosis.
• This case aligns with historical literature linking CS2 to movement disorders.

Implications:

• Carbon disulfide exposure is a potential cause of movement disorders, including ataxia and parkinsonism.
• This underscores the importance of recognizing toxic exposures in neurological disease etiology.
• Awareness of CS2's neurotoxic potential is crucial for occupational health and safety.